Transcript
WEBVTT
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Tina,
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Leia.
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it's kind of exciting.
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We have a membership now.
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I would love to get to know some folks who are listening to us.
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Yeah.
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So if somebody wants to join us in our membership in our cancer pod community, they can head over to our website and
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Don't we become a pod of our own, like a pod of people?
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we become a pod, which kind of makes me think of evasion of body snatchers, but, um, but anyway, um, yeah, head over to our website and you click on buy me a coffee, and if you want, you can just buy us a coffee, a one-time deal, or you can join our membership.
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We have three levels to choose from, and each one offers different bonus content and exclusive benefits.
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I mean we have over a hundred episodes.
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Yeah.
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And we can keep on doing what we're doing.
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Make it a podcast Since September, 2021.
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so today we're gonna be talking about.
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It's been in the news about young people, younger people getting cancer.
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Um, are younger people getting more cancer?
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Are younger people getting cancers that are typically not common for people their age?
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So
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Mm-hmm.
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And is this a phenomenon that is unique to the United States or is it more of a global issue?
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So we'll talk about that and more
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stick around.
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I'm Dr.
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Tina Kayser, and as Leia likes to say, I'm the science y one.
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And I'm Dr.
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Leia Sherman, and I'm the cancer insider.
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And we're two naturopathic doctors who practice integrative cancer care.
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But we're not your doctors.
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This is for education, entertainment, and informational purposes only.
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Do not apply any of this information without first speaking to your doctor.
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The views and opinions expressed on this podcast by the hosts and their guests are solely their own.
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Welcome to the Cancer Pod.
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Hi Tina.
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Hello Leah?
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today we're talking about young adults and cancer,
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Yes.
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Is the incidents on the rise and, uh, if so, why?
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right?
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there are a lot of different theories out there.
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we have our own views yeah, so when they talk about younger people, it is typically people under, 45, I guess, is kind of what they're looking at.
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it's interesting because the study that I saw.
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Looked at two different groups.
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It looked at millennials and boomers, which is, you know, being a member of Gen X, feeling a little left out, especially because there are higher cancer incidence rates in Gen X as well.
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But they're looking at millennials and so that's people who are born between 1981 and 1996.
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however old that makes them.
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Dang it, my math is bad.
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The youngest millennials will turn 30 in 2026.
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Really?
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Yes.
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You're getting old.
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Oh my god.
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All right, so there are some cancers.
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I mean, I guess every cancer kind of has, its typical age range.
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And what's really unusual is that there are cancers that are more associated with older people.
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People over the age of 50, that younger people are getting things like pancreatic cancer, renal cancer.
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You know, I just wanna put out there, this is not, I wanna say something right here at the beginning age.
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And the aging process is a risk factor for cancer.
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So you can't stop that one.
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There's only one way to stop aging, and that's not a good's not a good option,
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It's not recommended.
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right?
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So I'm saying that because right outta the gates, even when we say these are higher in younger people, it still is not near the rates of what people get after the age of say, 60, 65.
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We're talking about a different, it's higher in the age group, but it doesn't come close to what people are getting as they age.
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'cause aging itself is a risk factor that we can't do anything about other than not age anymore, which means that you're not here.
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So I'm saying that outta the gates.
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'cause I just wanna be very clear that even when we say the incidence is higher, it's still a very low incidence in a, in a global sense.
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Like when you're looking at the numbers compared to higher, ages.
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And I think in, like in my work experience working at CTCA, I saw a lot of younger people who had breast cancer, colon cancer, you know, ovarian cancer, just more unusual, I don't wanna say unusual cancers, but I saw a lot of younger people because that's where people went.
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Yes.
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Yes.
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That's where they would travel to because of whatever care they were or were not getting where they came from because maybe they weren't diagnosed in a timely manner.
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Whatever happened then they would go to CTCA.
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When I went to Indiana the patient population was so much older and I think that is typical,
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Mm-hmm.
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for the most part.
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So anyways, that's just an aside.
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But yeah, so.
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Can I say one more thing on a scale of aging?
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Even when we talk about young cancers, we're not talking about pediatric.
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So pediatric is under 18 years old, so that's a separate category and a separate discussion.
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We're really looking at young adults, which is, you know, like we said, really under 50.
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So round numbers is 20 to 50, and as you age within the 20 to 50 range, the risk does go up because aging is in there.
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That risk factor is still there, even.
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When you are considered a young adult with cancer.
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So that's all.
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I just wanna be very clear about the population we're talking about.
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and I don't know where I saw it in my research for this, but, um, early onset breast cancer is considered younger than 45, and colorectal is considered younger than 50.
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Mm-hmm.
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And I do remember a long time ago, um, I.
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I was a big fan of the Today Show, and I used to watch, Katie Couric her husband was diagnosed with colon cancer and he was in his forties and that was really unusual at the time.
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he passed away and it was just, the whole thing was just really, I remember like, I wasn't working in, medicine, I was working in graphic design at the time, and I just remember just, it was just, it was all really surprising because it was so unusual.
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you know, now we hear about, I mean, not only people who follow us on.
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Our, social media, but you know, celebrities, um, Chadwick, Bozeman,
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Hmm.
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um, James VanDerBeek.
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You know, these are young people who, were diagnosed at a young age.
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Yeah.
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And when we're talking about colorectal cancer, just like people over 50, people under 50 need to be screened.
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And if we can find that cancer at earlier stages, the outcomes are much, much better than finding it at a later stage of disease.
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in the grand scheme, bright sided to all of this, when you compare a people over 15, people under 50 with colorectal cancer, specifically, people who are younger do have better outcomes.
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They have less recurrence, they live longer.
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there's been studies that have compared, um, young adults with colorectal cancer from people who are over the age of 50.
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the outcomes are generally better.
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Now, I don't know if that's due to more aggressive treatment or just healthier because you're younger and you have more resilience built in.
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it doesn't matter.
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But on the bright side, um, it does have a better prognosis.
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If it's diagnosed.
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And I mean, that's one good thing about the, the guidelines for colonoscopies being changed, and now it's 45,
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Mm-hmm.
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where it used to be 50 to get your colonoscopy unless you had a family history.
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That was for Caucasians.
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It has been 45 for African Americans for a while.
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Okay.
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but yeah, so if you had a family history, then it would be based on the age that, your relative was, diagnosed, But, am finding, and maybe this is just again, you know, because we have a certain population who follows us on social media, it's not always diagnosed in a timely manner when you are younger than 45 because it's being dismissed as you have IBS you have hemorrhoids,
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Yes.
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Al and I think it's the same with breast cancer.
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I mean, I don't know how many young patients I had who were diagnosed with breast cancer, under 30, who were told, oh, it's not breast cancer.
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You're too young to have cancer.
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Honestly, that's where all those numbers that I'm talking about work against you as an individual.
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So you're an individual showing up at your doctor with whatever symptomology, x, y, Z symptoms.
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And that doctor is playing percentages in their head, like, what's the likelihood that this is benign?
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What's the likelihood that this is cancer?
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So they're gonna probably not diagnose it right out of the gates.
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So your, your age works against you in some ways in finding it early.
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Yeah.
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And I, I think that's a lot of the times the case.
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One bright spot there is for colorectal cancer, in July of 2024, the FDA approved a new test, a blood test for colorectal cancer that is just a blood draw.
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So in some ways it's easier to get.
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That done.
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and get your doctor to agree to just, can you just put that on my, on my lab or if you live in a state that allows it, you can order it yourself.
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depends what state you live in, in the nation.
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'cause healthcare in the United States is state by state.
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There are stool tests for colorectal cancer that can be done, but this is a blood test, so I feel like adoption will be faster than it was for stool testing, which is the Cologuard commercial with that little blue box that smiles and, yeah, it's the same company.
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This is called shield.
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The name of the test is, is called Shield.
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Okay.
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And we could put a link to that in our show notes.
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Yeah.
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So, okay.
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So there are, five or six theories, as to why younger people are getting cancer or that they're being diagnosed with cancer.
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Um, and the first one is epigenetics,
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Epigenetics?
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which is different than genetics.
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So there is that, I guess we should start with that.
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So what is it like five to 10% of all people who are diagnosed with cancer?
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It's actually genetic.
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Mm-hmm.
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I think we're gonna find out.
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It's depending on which type of cancer, I think it's gonna be when we finally find multi genes that put together, like if you have these three or five or 17 genes, do you have a high risk?
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We're getting there with that kind of data for single genes, like one gene, like the BRCA gene, BRCA mutation, or deletion So when it's a single gene, I would say it's gonna be 10% or so.
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Okay, so we're not gonna talk about that.
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We're not gonna talk about the, the genetic component.
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we did tackle genetic cancers once upon a time.
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It's in our catalog back in 2021 or 2022.
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yeah.
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So again, we'll, we'll link to that.
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okay, so then the other word I said epigenetics.
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What, what are epigenetics, Tina?
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Epi.
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Literally means above.
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So above the gene.
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So this is ways that our genes are turned on or off.
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So epigenetics has to do with regulation of the gene.
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And epigenes is very consequential.
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It is highly responsive to its environment.
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So for example, with epigenetics, you can unmask, meaning you begin to express a gene that's been silenced for generations and generations.
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But if your environment, literally your environment where the DNA is literally the cellular environment, what it's in needs, that gene it over time says, oh, we have reason to unmask this gene.
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Let's go ahead and do it.
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It will then uncover a gene that's been silenced.
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It's been sitting there, but it just hasn't done anything until you provoke it.
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And so we change our epigenetics more.
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Readily than the actual gene itself, which is made up of ATT c and g.
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You know that little spiral that we all think of A DNA looks like, right?
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It
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All the way back to, to, you know, biology class.
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Yeah.
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The helix, the double helix of DNA, that's a whole nother story, but the double helix of the DNA is att C and g and that does not change as readily.
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That's very difficult changing that the epigenetics is more fluid and changes generation to generation.
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So if my my great grandfather was a chimney sweep.
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that might have consequences on my epigenetics today because his body had to uncover genes to deal with the soot.
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Does that make sense?
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Mm-hmm.
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Yeah.
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So your parents or grandparents' exposures, they have an influence on your epigenetics.
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Yes, and it's generational, so it's very slow and hard to track.
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I think we are seeing some epigenetic results of what our grandparents and even our great grandparents saw when we had pesticides like DDT that were pervasive.
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Everybody was exposed to them.
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Oh yeah, because we've, all heard stories about people running after the, the mosquito spring, the fogger, the truck that had the fog coming out the back.
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yeah, I remember like the planes going over, spraying pesticides, over certain areas in places where I've lived so.
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Yeah.
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And the idea that the epigenetics is consequential, has been proven in animals again and again.
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So there's no, there's no dearth of information on this.
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There's plenty of information showing that, you know, it is not your parents, but your grandparents and even their, their parents that gets handed down.
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I think the most acute phase when this is happening is during pregnancy.
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I think that's a time that we have to really think about how things are being handed down because When someone's pregnant, when the ovaries in the fetus are forming, there could be consequences, right?
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Then that is when the genetics of that baby's children and whenever that baby goes on to have children.
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Those ovaries are already set.
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The stage is set for your ovaries in utero when you're a fetus.
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For men, it's different.
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Sperm comes and goes.
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Sperm generation is not set when you're a fetus.
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Sperm generation is now.
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And so I mean, that person should really be very, very, very conscious of no drugs, no alcohol, no, no chemicals, no pesticides, eat like super duper cleanly, all that kind of stuff.
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They have to live in a bubble.
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They basically have to live in a bubble.
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Well, you have to be conscientious, I think.
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I think that we can all.
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Do our best.
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It's impossible to be, you know, where we were before the industrial age.
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That's not gonna happen because even our air, in every city is, is not what it used to be.
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So,
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Well, that can lead us to the another one, which is environmental exposures, right?
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So epigenetics and environmental exposures, they're very intertwined.
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absolutely.
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Yeah.
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And we have discussed this before.
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we talked about microplastics, we talked about forever, chemicals in different episodes.
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all of those.
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Play a part, yeah, I mean, once you become conscious of it, it's almost, I, it's, so for me it's very stress inducing because it's like every, there, there's just plastic everywhere.
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Everywhere.
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I feel like when you start looking at clothing, you really start to go, oh.
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right.
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With all the microfiber, the, um, sportswear, endurance, wear, hiking stuff, all of that.
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Yeah.
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We're, we're trying to shift more to products made from wool.